<h4>
Syntax
</h4>

Here's the basic syntax of a lambda expression:

<pre>
<code class="language-cpp line-numbers normalize-whitespace">
[capture](parameters) -> return_type {
 // Function body
}
</code>
</pre>
<ul class="k-list" style="list-style-type: none">
<li>
Capture - This specifies which variables from the surrounding scope are captured (i.e., made available to the lambda).
</li>
<li>
Parameters - These are the input parameters to the lambda function.
</li>
<li>
Return Type - The return type of the lambda function (often omitted as it can be inferred).
</li>
<li>
Function Body - The code executed when the lambda is called.
</li>
</ul>

Example:

<pre>
<code class="language-cpp line-numbers normalize-whitespace">
auto add = [](int a, int b) -> int {
 return a + b;
};

int result = add(3, 4); // result is 7
</code>
</pre>

<h4>
Capture Modes
</h4>
<ul class="k-list" style="list-style-type: none">
<li>
[ ] - Capture nothing.
</li>
<li>
[=] - Capture all local variables by value.
</li>
<li>
[&] - Capture all local variables by reference.
</li>
<li>
[x] - Capture x by value.
</li>
<li>
[&x] - Capture x by reference.
</li>
</ol>

Example:

<pre>
<code class="language-cpp line-numbers normalize-whitespace">
int x = 10;
// Captures x by value
auto capture_by_value = [=] { return x + 1; }; 
// Captures x by reference
auto capture_by_reference = [&] { x += 1; }; 
</code>
</pre>

Lambda Expressions in C++