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<img src="https://cdn.kahimyang.com/resources-13/josefina-guerrero-sm.webp" loading="lazy" alt="Josefina Veluya Guerrero" />
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(Josefina Veluya Guerrero)
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Upon her parents' sudden and early deaths, the Sisters of the Good Shepherd took her in. After she had contracted tuberculosis, the nuns were unable to care for her, and her grandparents looked after her. Once she recovered, she was sent to Manila to be educated at a convent. 


On April 21, 1934, she married an affluent medical student, Renato Maria Guerrero, the son of a renowned doctor, Manuel Severino Guerrero. She was sixteen years old, and he was twenty-six. They had a daughter two years later.


In 1941, Guerrero was diagnosed with <a href="https://www.cdc.gov/leprosy/about/index.html" class="news-link-ext" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">Hansen's Disease</a> also known as Leprosy. Her husband immediately moved out, and she was separated from their daughter. Having leprosy at the time was a stigma.


As the Japanese invaded the Philippines in 1942, there was a shortage of medical supplies. Guerrero lost access to medication and felt hopeless and depressed until she decided that if she was going to die, she would die with honor. She reached out to a friend, expressing her desire to become a soldier, and tracked down a man who was a member of the resistance. Guerrero was twenty-four. The man responded that they did not accept children. Guerrero retorted that he would be surprised what children can do, reminding him that Joan of Arc was a young girl.

She joined as a spy, working as a courier to deliver important news about the war to Filipinos. She memorized the appearances of the Imperial Japanese army men and reported their troop movements.


As Guerrero's disease worsened, the Japanese soldiers who were aggressive towards her avoided her as soon as they saw the lesions on her skin. The Japanese frequently conducted full body searches of Filipinos, but they left Guerrero alone when she told them of her disease.


Guerrero successfully transmitted secret messages, information, weapons, and vital supplies to the resistance and soldiers. Her tasks later escalated to mapping out Japanese gun emplacements and fortifications.


On September 21, 1944, the Americans successfully used her map to crush the Japanese defenses in Manila Harbour. Months later, Guerrero was sent on her most dangerous mission - to bring a map of minefields to American headquarters, 35 miles (56 km) away. The map would help ensure the safety of the Americans as they proceeded to Manila to end the Japanese occupation. Guerrero accepted the task. She walked and reached the town of Hagonoy 25 miles (40 km) into her journey. The area was an active combat zone; she rode a boat which had to outrun river pirates. After landing on the coast, she walked 8 miles (13 km) to her final destination, Calumpit, and realized that the Americans had already progressed to Malolos. She walked further to Malolos and gave the map to Captain Blair of the 37th Infantry Division. She suffered paralyzing fatigue and headaches throughout her journey.


At the Battle of Manila, Guerrero tended wounded soldiers and civilians and carried children to safety, all while avoiding flying bullets.


After the war, because of Guerrero's disease, she was sent to <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dr._Jose_N._Rodriguez_Memorial_Hospital" class="news-link-ext" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">Tala Leprosarium</a> in Novaliches. The institution was filthy, and there was no running water or electricity. It was crowded, and there were only four nurses who looked after 650 patients. Necessities such as food, clothing and bedding were insufficient.


Guerrero devoted her time cleaning around the facility. She also helped build coffins for those who passed away. She decided to write a letter to a friend's connection in the US about conditions at the leprosarium. Her letter was forwarded to chaplains at the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carville_Historic_District" class="news-link-ext" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">Carville National Leprosarium</a> in Louisiana where it was circulated and reached a local publication, Manila Times. An exposé by <a href="https://kahimyang.com/kauswagan/articles/1738/today-in-philippine-history-april-15-1962-manila-mayor-arsenio-h-lacson-died-of-a-heart-attack-at-the-hotel-filipinas" class="news_link">Arsenio Lacson</a> about the institution was published on the front page of the newspaper. Several other mass media sources then reported the story which prompted the local government to investigate. The leprosarium was subsequently renovated. The facilities were cleaned up and improved - new beds were provided, food rations increased, telephones installed, and more medical personnel were added.


After hearing from chaplains at the Carville National Leprosarium and learning about the medical breakthroughs concerning leprosy treatment in the US, Guererro felt hopeful again. She persisted and became the first foreign national with leprosy to obtain an American visa.

August 5, 1917: Josefina Guerrero, the war hero leper spy, was born in Lucban, Quezon