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<img src="https://cdn.kahimyang.com/resources-16/masaharu-homma-and-shigenori-kuroda-sm.webp" alt="Masaharu Homma and Shigenori Kuroda in U.S custody" loading="lazy" />
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(Masaharu Homma (left) and Shigenori Kuroda (center) in U.S custody)
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During his rule in the Philippines, a constitution was formed by the Preparatory Commission for Independence, consisting of 20 members from the KALIBAPI or Kapisanan ng Paglilingkod sa Bagong Pilipinas (Association for Service to the New Philippines). The Preparatory Commission, led by <a href="https://kahimyang.com/kauswagan/articles/991/today-in-philippine-history-march-9-1891-jose-p-laurel-was-born-in-tanauan-batangas" class="news_link">Jose P. Laurel</a>, presented its draft Constitution on September 4, 1943 and three days later, the KALIBAPI general assembly ratified the draft Constitution.
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By September 20, 1943, the KALIBAPI's representative groups in the country's provinces and cities elected from among themselves 54 members of the Philippine National Assembly, the legislature of the country, with 54 governors and city mayors as ex officio members.
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Three days after establishing the National Assembly, the <a href="https://kahimyang.com/kauswagan/articles/685/today-in-philippine-history-october-14-1943-jose-p-laurel-sr-was-inaugurated-as-president-of-the-japanese-sponsored-philippine-republic" class="news_link">Second Philippine Republic</a>'s inaugural session was held at the pre-war Legislative Building and it elected by majority <a href="https://kahimyang.com/kauswagan/articles/1502/today-in-philippine-history-september-3-1894-benigno-aquino-sr-was-born-in-murcia-tarlac" class="news_link">Benigno S. Aquino</a> as its first Speaker and Jose P. Laurel as President of the Republic of the Philippines, who was inaugurated on October 14, 1943 at the foundation of the Republic.
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By early 1944, the Imperial Japanese Army General Staff anticipated the return of American forces to the Philippines. The weight for preparing against an American landing fell to Kuroda. Kuroda planned to concentrate the bulk of the Japanese forces in Luzon, but his plan was never considered by the Imperial Army General Staff. The staff instead devoted only five of his ten divisions in Luzon, which was said to have no experience in any of the past Japanese campaigns. 
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Accused as a lax commander who spent his time playing golf instead of improving the Philippine defenses, he was replaced by General Tomoyuki Yamashita (山下 奉文) in September 1944 when his patron, General  Hideki Tojo (東條 英機), fell from power. Tojo  was replaced as prime minister by General Kuniaki Koiso.  Yamasita was touted as a "superb and excellent tactician". 
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Kuroda returned to Japan in disgrace in October 1944 and entered the reserves in December of the same year.
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After the surrender of Japan, Kuroda was arrested by American occupation authorities in 1946 and held in Yokohama Prison. In October 1947, he was extradited to the Philippines.  During the Manila Trials he was condemned to life imprisonment as a Class B war criminal due to command responsibility for the actions of his troops in the Philippines and for the deaths of nearly 3000 American and Filipino civilians.  
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He was pardoned in 1952 by president <a href="https://kahimyang.com/kauswagan/articles/753/today-in-philippine-history-november-16-1890-elpidio-quirino-the-sixth-president-of-the-philippines-was-born-in-the-town-of-vigan-ilocos-sur" class="news_link">Elpidio Quirino</a> and repatriated back to Japan, where he died the same year.
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March 28, 1943: Shigenori Kuroda was made Japanese military governor of the Philippines