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<img src="https://cdn.kahimyang.com/resources-20/edca-sites.webp" alt="Chinese missile bases vs US missile bases" />
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(Chinese missile bases vs US missile bases? Photo by Rigoberto Tiglao)
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EDCA, since it gave the US military nine military camps to use whenever they wanted to, is nothing but the modern, more efficient version of the American military bases that the Senate kicked out in 1992. It's even cheaper for the US since it will not incur the huge overhead - the "mini-cities" to house GIs and their families - that the old type of American bases did. The US military simply moves in and out as it pleases with its equipment and war materiel stocked in those sites.
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Two US client states emerging from the fall of the USSR - Bulgaria and Romania both in 2006 - first tested what American strategists called "lily-pads," which the Americans needed to encircle Russia.
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The Eclipse of Nationalism: How EDCA Turned the Philippines into a US Puppet