On March 20, 1990, the trial of racketeering charges against Imelda Marcos and her co-defendant, Adnan Khashoggi, began in New York City. Her attorney, Gerald Spence, defended national sovereignty against the "Thornburgh Doctrine" which holds that the United States may seize foreign nationals at its whim.
Marcela Marcelo stands as one of the most significant yet historically marginalized figures of the Philippine Revolution - a woman whose journey from the agrarian elite of Malibay to the rank of General in the Katipunan reveals the totalizing reach of the anti‑colonial struggle. Known as Selang Bagsik (Fierce Sela), she embodied a rare convergence of gendered defiance, battlefield leadership, and maternal sacrifice, challenging the limits imposed on women in both colonial and revolutionary contexts.
Noli Me Tangere, the groundbreaking novel by Filipino writer and national hero José Rizal, is one of the most influential literary works in Philippine history. Published in 1887 in Berlin, Germany, this powerful social commentary exposed the injustices of Spanish colonial rule and helped spark the Filipino national consciousness that would eventually lead to revolution.
On March 21, 1947, a significant chapter in Philippine-American military relations began with the establishment of the Joint United States Military Advisory Group to the Republic of the Philippines, commonly known as JUSMAG. This organization was formed under the Military Assistance Agreement signed between the Philippines and the United States on March 21, 1947, marking a pivotal moment in the post-World War II era for both nations.
The history of the Philippine nation finds one of its most complex and enduring anchors in the life of Emilio Aguinaldo y Famy. Born on , in Cavite el Viejo (modern-day Kawit), Aguinaldo's life was not merely a sequence of political and military events but a transformation of the Filipino identity from colonial subjects to the citizens of the first constitutional republic in Asia. His trajectory reflects the broader socio-political shifts of the late 19th century, where the localized authority of the principalia class began to challenge the four-century hegemony of the Spanish Empire.
On March 23, 1895, Encarnacion Alzona was born in Biñan, Laguna and grew up in the province of Tayabas. Her father was a trial court judge and a distant relative of Jose Rizal. Both her parents were voracious readers, a circumstance that fostered her academic inclinations.